Availability of RSSI means that a location-estimation system can be implemented without the need for any additional hardware for the individual nodes in the network.
The RSSI can also be used to develop a coarse but simple method of location estimation. For example, the simplest way to generate the link quality indicator (LQI) is to use the RSSI as an indication of link quality. The RSSI and the time at which the packet was received (timestamp) are available to MAC, NWK, and APL layers for any type of analysis. The measured signal energy is quantized to form the received signal strength indicator (RSSI). The received signal strength (energy) can be measured for each received packet.
Shahin Farahani, in ZigBee Wireless Networks and Transceivers, 2008 7.2 Received Signal Strength-Based Locationing Algorithms
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